Nepal National Government Debt
1990 - 2021 | Yearly | USD mn | CEIC Data
Key information about Nepal National Government Debt
- Nepal National Government Debt reached 14.5 USD bn in Jul 2021, compared with 11.9 USD bn in the previous year.
- Nepal National Government Debt data is updated yearly, available from Jul 1990 to Jul 2021.
- The data reached an all-time high of 14.5 USD bn in Jul 2021 and a record low of 1.9 USD bn in Jul 1990.
*This indicator will be no longer available from March 2026, 4th onwards. CEIC has a plan to remove the non-standard frequency indicator after the standard frequency indicator has been added and be available on this table. CEIC calculates annual Government Debt as the sum of Foreign Government Debt and Domestic Government Debt and converts it into USD. The Ministry of Finance provides Foreign Government Debt in local currency. Nepal Rasta Bank provides Domestic Government Debt in local currency. Nepal Rastra Bank period end market exchange rate used for currency conversions. Government Debt covers Central Government only. Government Debt prior to 1999 is sourced from the World Bank. Government Debt is in annual frequency, generally ending on July 15th of each year.
View Nepal's National Government Debt from 1990 to 2021 in the chart:
What was Nepal's National Government Debt in 2021?
Nepal National Government Debt reached 14.5 USD bn in Jul 2021, compared with 11.9 USD bn in the previous year. See the table below for more data.
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14,538.4 2021 | 11,874.4 2020 | 1,863.6 1990 | 14,538.4 2021 | USD mn | yearly | 1990 - 2021 |
National Government Debt by Country Comparison
| country/region | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania (USD mn) | 16,715.8 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Sep 2010 - Sep 2025 |
| Algeria (USD mn) | 127,109.6 2024 | yearly | 1997 - 2024 |
| Argentina (USD mn) | 465,353.1 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1994 - Jun 2025 |
| Armenia (USD mn) | 14,204.4 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| Australia (USD mn) | 685,976.3 2024 | yearly | 1999 - 2024 |
| Austria (USD mn) | 485,261.6 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Azerbaijan (USD mn) | 9,223.0 2021 | yearly | 2008 - 2021 |
| Bahrain (USD mn) | 50,938.0 Oct 2025 | monthly | Mar 2001 - Oct 2025 |
| Belarus (USD mn) | 23,375.7 May 2022 | monthly | Dec 2003 - May 2022 |
| Belgium (USD mn) | 789,372.7 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1980 - Jun 2025 |
| Bolivia (USD mn) | 8,960.7 2014 | yearly | 1998 - 2014 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina (USD mn) | 3,449.6 2024 | yearly | 2007 - 2024 |
| Botswana (USD mn) | 4,996.3 2025 | yearly | 2002 - 2025 |
| Brazil (USD mn) | 1,829,967.6 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Bulgaria (USD mn) | 36,644.2 Sep 2025 | monthly | Dec 2015 - Sep 2025 |
| Canada (USD mn) | 1,517,724.5 2025 | yearly | 1962 - 2025 |
| Chile (USD mn) | 148,279.6 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Jun 2025 |
| China (USD mn) | 4,736,394.2 2024 | yearly | 2005 - 2024 |
| Colombia (USD mn) | 280,165.7 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Jun 2025 |
| Croatia (USD mn) | 59,807.3 Aug 2025 | monthly | Dec 1995 - Aug 2025 |
| Cyprus (USD mn) | 24,996.0 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 2010 - Oct 2025 |
| Czech Republic (USD mn) | 171,676.6 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Denmark (USD mn) | 140,044.5 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Ecuador (USD mn) | 85,105.4 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2005 - Sep 2025 |
| Egypt (USD mn) | 301,714.5 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Jun 2006 - Jun 2025 |
| Estonia (USD mn) | 11,125.7 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| European Union (USD mn) | 17,710,682.0 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Finland (USD mn) | 289,404.3 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| France (USD mn) | 4,020,987.6 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Georgia (USD mn) | 13,032.9 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2006 - Sep 2025 |
| Germany (USD mn) | 3,217,205.9 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Greece (USD mn) | 433,852.8 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China (USD mn) | 190,086.3 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Hungary (USD mn) | 192,814.7 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1989 - Sep 2025 |
| Iceland (USD mn) | 20,025.7 2024 | yearly | 1998 - 2024 |
| India (USD mn) | 2,223,903.4 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1998 - Jun 2025 |
| Indonesia (USD mn) | 547,950.7 Jan 2025 | monthly | Jun 2009 - Jan 2025 |
| Ireland (USD mn) | 243,925.0 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Israel (USD mn) | 364,326.8 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Italy (USD mn) | 3,615,456.0 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 1957 - Sep 2025 |
| Ivory Coast (USD mn) | 3,853.2 2015 | yearly | 1975 - 2015 |
| Japan (USD mn) | 9,012,579.6 Sep 2025 | monthly | Apr 1982 - Sep 2025 |
| Jordan (USD mn) | 50,623.8 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| Kazakhstan (USD mn) | 59,945.7 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Kenya (USD mn) | 92,599.6 Aug 2025 | monthly | Sep 1999 - Aug 2025 |
| South Korea (USD mn) | 896,321.5 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Sep 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| Kosovo (USD mn) | 1,875.6 2022 | yearly | 2009 - 2022 |
| Kuwait (USD mn) | 6,711.4 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1993 - Oct 2025 |
| Kyrgyzstan (USD mn) | 8,646.5 Aug 2025 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Aug 2025 |
| Latvia (USD mn) | 23,276.2 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Lebanon (USD mn) | 101,813.6 Dec 2022 | monthly | Dec 2001 - Dec 2022 |
| Lithuania (USD mn) | 37,446.6 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Luxembourg (USD mn) | 25,740.5 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| North Macedonia (USD mn) | 10,002.3 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2009 - Jun 2025 |
| Malawi (USD mn) | 2,620.0 2014 | yearly | 2010 - 2014 |
| Malaysia (USD mn) | 312,770.7 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1978 - Sep 2025 |
| Malta (USD mn) | 13,085.3 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Mauritius (USD mn) | 12,821.9 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Jun 2003 - Sep 2025 |
| Mexico (USD mn) | 1,052,255.7 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 2005 - Oct 2025 |
| Moldova (USD mn) | 7,606.5 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2007 - Sep 2025 |
| Montenegro (USD mn) | 5,521.7 Sep 2025 | monthly | Dec 2010 - Sep 2025 |
| Morocco (USD mn) | 91,099.0 Dec 2022 | quarterly | Dec 2006 - Dec 2022 |
| Nepal (USD mn) | 14,538.4 2021 | yearly | 1990 - 2021 |
| Netherlands (USD mn) | 578,730.9 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| New Zealand (USD mn) | 123,654.9 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2006 - Sep 2025 |
| Nigeria (USD mn) | 97,066.2 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2006 - Jun 2025 |
| Norway (USD mn) | 251,685.3 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Oman (USD mn) | 37,979.2 2024 | yearly | 1990 - 2024 |
| Panama (USD mn) | 58,832.7 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jul 2004 - Oct 2025 |
| Paraguay (USD mn) | 16,217.1 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Peru (USD mn) | 105,081.0 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Sep 2025 |
| Philippines (USD mn) | 297,648.2 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1993 - Oct 2025 |
| Poland (USD mn) | 611,821.3 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Sep 2025 |
| Portugal (USD mn) | 345,383.7 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Sep 2025 |
| Qatar (USD mn) | 26,518.7 2012 | yearly | 2003 - 2012 |
| Romania (USD mn) | 249,581.5 Aug 2025 | monthly | Nov 2011 - Aug 2025 |
| Russia (USD mn) | 407,811.4 Oct 2025 | monthly | May 2009 - Oct 2025 |
| Saudi Arabia (USD mn) | 324,244.9 2024 | yearly | 2004 - 2024 |
| Serbia (USD mn) | 44,047.7 Oct 2025 | monthly | Sep 2004 - Oct 2025 |
| Singapore (USD mn) | 1,010,431.8 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1990 - Sep 2025 |
| Slovakia (USD mn) | 89,388.0 Mar 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Mar 2025 |
| Slovenia (USD mn) | 55,900.6 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| South Africa (USD mn) | 346,277.1 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1960 - Oct 2025 |
| Spain (USD mn) | 1,990,214.9 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1990 - Jun 2025 |
| Sri Lanka (USD mn) | 98,799.1 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2014 - Jun 2025 |
| Sweden (USD mn) | 231,414.4 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Switzerland (USD mn) | 231,894.5 2024 | yearly | 1990 - 2024 |
| Taiwan (USD mn) | 223,824.2 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Thailand (USD mn) | 340,585.0 Oct 2025 | monthly | Oct 1997 - Oct 2025 |
| Tunisia (USD mn) | 46,921.1 Sep 2025 | monthly | Apr 2011 - Sep 2025 |
| Turkey (USD mn) | 298,427.1 2024 | yearly | 2001 - 2024 |
| Ukraine (USD mn) | 190,373.9 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 2004 - Oct 2025 |
| United Kingdom (USD mn) | 4,113,194.2 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1966 - Jun 2025 |
| United States (USD mn) | 38,040,094.0 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1969 - Oct 2025 |
| Uruguay (USD mn) | 47,848.8 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Venezuela (USD mn) | 105,131.7 2016 | yearly | 1996 - 2016 |
| Vietnam (USD mn) | 150,597.5 2024 | yearly | 2010 - 2024 |
| Yemen (USD mn) | 20,434.2 2013 | yearly | 2004 - 2013 |
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Learn more about what we doNepal Key Series
| Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | -10.0 2018 | yearly | 2012 - 2018 |
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) | -1,365.374 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2017 - Jun 2025 |
| Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 1,049,875.353 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Jun 2019 - Jun 2025 |
| Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 19.1 2018 | yearly | 2001 - 2018 |
| National Government Debt (USD mn) | 14,538.4 2021 | yearly | 1990 - 2021 |
| Government Debt: % of GDP (%) | 39.9 2021 | yearly | 1990 - 2021 |
| Forecast: Government Expenditure (NPR bn) | 2,604.728 2030 | yearly | 2000 - 2030 |
| Forecast: Government Net Debt (NPR bn) | 4,815.645 2030 | yearly | 2000 - 2030 |
| Forecast: Government Revenue (NPR bn) | 2,282.135 2030 | yearly | 2000 - 2030 |
| Government Debt: Total (NPR mn) | 1,735,015.267 2021 | yearly | 1999 - 2021 |
| Government Debt: External (NPR mn) | 934,695.200 2021 | yearly | 1999 - 2021 |
| Government Domestic Debt: Annual: Bonds & Treasury Bills (NPR mn) | 1,125,188.232 2023 | yearly | 1986 - 2023 |
| Foreign Trade | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) | 0.000 | yearly | - |
| Trade Balance (USD mn) | -970.3 Oct 2025 | monthly | Aug 1974 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports (USD mn) | 179.8 Oct 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports Growth (%) | 172.7 Sep 2025 | monthly | Aug 2004 - Sep 2025 |
| Aluminum: Exports (USD th) | 2,069.671 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Exports: Medicament (USD th) | 11,731.470 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 2,069.949 2024 | yearly | 1996 - 2024 |
| Total Imports (USD mn) | 1,256.9 Sep 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Sep 2025 |
| Total Imports Growth (%) | 31.8 Sep 2025 | monthly | Aug 2004 - Sep 2025 |
| Imports: Medicament (USD th) | 210,184.160 2024 | yearly | 1998 - 2024 |
| Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 297,733.053 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Total Exports to USA (USD mn) | 12.675 Aug 2025 | monthly | Sep 1983 - Aug 2025 |
| Total Imports from USA (USD mn) | 10.926 Aug 2025 | monthly | Jan 1981 - Aug 2025 |
| Total Exports to China (USD mn) | -0.243 Sep 2025 | monthly | Apr 2013 - Sep 2025 |
| Total Imports from China (USD mn) | 280.359 Oct 2025 | monthly | Apr 2013 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports: cif: Custom Basis: Other Countries (NPR mn) | 37,875.518 Oct 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2025 |
| Exports: fob: Custom Basis: India (NPR mn) | 20,776.308 Oct 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports: cif: Custom Basis: China (NPR mn) | 39,717.098 Oct 2025 | monthly | Apr 2013 - Oct 2025 |
| Exports: fob: Custom Basis: China (NPR mn) | 62.962 Oct 2025 | monthly | Apr 2013 - Oct 2025 |
| Exports: fob: Custom Basis: Other Countries (NPR mn) | 4,625.873 Oct 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2025 |
| Exports: fob: Custom Basis (NPR mn) | 28,415.582 Feb 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Feb 2025 |
| Imports: cif: Custom Basis (NPR mn) | 166,217.154 Feb 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Feb 2025 |
| Trade Balance: Custom Basis (NPR mn) | -137,801.572 Feb 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Feb 2025 |
| Imports: cif: Custom Basis: India (NPR mn) | 93,501.077 Feb 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Feb 2025 |
| Exports: Manufactured Goods Classified by Materials (NPR mn) | 6,315.200 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Exports: Chemicals (NPR mn) | 593.700 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Exports: Crude Materials Inedible: Except Fuel (NPR mn) | 424.600 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Exports: Miscellaneous Manufactures Articles (NPR mn) | 1,703.300 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Exports: Food & Live Animals (NPR mn) | 2,842.800 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Imports: Machinery & Transport Equipments (NPR mn) | 26,814.500 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Imports: Manufactured Goods Classified by Materials (NPR mn) | 25,919.000 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Imports: Mineral Fuels, Lubricants & Related Minerals (NPR mn) | 23,658.300 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Imports: Food & Live Animals (NPR mn) | 13,594.600 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Imports: Chemicals (NPR mn) | 16,090.400 Oct 2024 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Oct 2024 |
| Import Volume Index (2015=100) | 187.157 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
| Export Volume Index (2015=100) | 171.601 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
| Export Value Index (2015=100) | 233.718 2021 | yearly | 1980 - 2021 |
| Import Value Index (2015=100) | 238.930 2021 | yearly | 1980 - 2021 |
| Balance of Payments | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance (USD mn) | 1,453.6 Jul 2025 | quarterly | Oct 2000 - Jul 2025 |
| Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) | 6.7 2025 | yearly | 2001 - 2025 |
| Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) | 9.8 Jul 2025 | quarterly | Oct 2000 - Jul 2025 |
| Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) | 0.1 2025 | yearly | 2001 - 2025 |
| External Debt (USD mn) | 10,519.7 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2012 - Sep 2024 |
| External Debt: % of GDP (%) | 17.3 2016 | yearly | 2001 - 2016 |
| External Debt: Short Term (USD mn) | 417.5 2023 | yearly | 1977 - 2023 |
| Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) | -2.501 2030 | yearly | 1980 - 2030 |
| Net International Investment Position (USD mn) | 3,934.074 Mar 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2012 - Mar 2025 |
| NP: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) | 0.000 Jun 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1977 - Jun 2020 |
| NP: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Assets (USD mn) | 0.000 Jun 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1977 - Jun 2020 |
| NP: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment (USD mn) | 0.000 Jun 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1977 - Jun 2020 |
| BoP: Financial Account (NPR mn) | 63,943.939 Jul 2024 | quarterly | Oct 2000 - Jul 2024 |
| BoP: Financial Account: Direct Investment in Nepal (NPR mn) | 1,919.110 Jul 2024 | quarterly | Oct 2000 - Jul 2024 |
| BoP: Capital Account (NPR mn) | 1,036.240 Jul 2024 | quarterly | Oct 2000 - Jul 2024 |
| Monetary | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) | 2.5 2015 | yearly | 2003 - 2015 |
| Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) | 267.883 2015 | yearly | 2003 - 2015 |
| Money Supply M1 (USD mn) | 7,507.880 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Sep 2025 |
| Money Supply M2 (USD mn) | 55,776.471 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Sep 2025 |
| M2 Growth (%) | 12.4 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) | 4.0 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jul 2003 - Sep 2025 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) | 18,984.5 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Oct 2025 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) | 4.000 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jul 2003 - Sep 2025 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) | 14.6 Sep 2025 | monthly | Aug 2003 - Sep 2025 |
| Gold Reserves (USD mn) | 935.658 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jul 1957 - Sep 2025 |
| Total Deposits (USD mn) | 42,846.686 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Sep 2025 |
| Total Deposits Growth (%) | 4.5 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| Domestic Credit (USD mn) | 48,933.1 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Sep 2025 |
| Domestic Credit Growth (%) | 5.5 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| Total Loans (USD mn) | 36,319.925 Jul 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Jul 2025 |
| Total Loans Growth (%) | 8.34 Jul 2025 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Jul 2025 |
| Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 74.44 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Monetary Survey: Broad Money M2 (NPR mn) | 7,278,708.287 Feb 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Feb 2025 |
| Monetary Survey: Narrow Money M1 (NPR mn) | 981,619.612 Feb 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Feb 2025 |
| Monetary Survey: Domestic Credits (DO) (NPR mn) | 6,653,922.374 Feb 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Feb 2025 |
| Foreign Reserve (USD mn) | 16,086.766 Feb 2025 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Feb 2025 |
| Commercial Banks: Deposits exclude Interbank (NPR mn) | 5,555,462.921 Feb 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Feb 2025 |
| Commercial Banks: Loans & Advances (NPR mn) | 1,945,068.90 Jan 2018 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Jan 2018 |
| CB: NPL (NPR mn) | 27,174.060 2015 | yearly | 2003 - 2015 |
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