Saudi Arabia Government Debt: % of GDP

2016 - 2025 | Quarterly | % | CEIC Data

Key information about Saudi Arabia Government Debt: % of GDP

  • Saudi Arabia Government debt accounted for 31.7 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Dec 2025, compared with the ratio of 30.8 % in the previous quarter.
  • Saudi Arabia government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 2016 to Dec 2025.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 31.7 % in Dec 2025 and a record low of 11.6 % in Mar 2017.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance provides Government Debt in local currency. The General Authority for Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency.


Related information about Saudi Arabia Government Debt: % of GDP

  • In the latest reports, Saudi Arabia National Government Debt reached 405.1 USD bn in Dec 2025.
  • The country's Nominal GDP reached 311.5 USD bn in Jun 2025.

View Saudi Arabia's Government Debt: % of GDP from Dec 2016 to Dec 2025 in the chart:

Saudi Arabia Government Debt: % of GDP

What was Saudi Arabia's Government Debt: % of GDP in Dec 2025?

Saudi Arabia Government debt accounted for 31.7 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Dec 2025, compared with the ratio of 30.8 % in the previous quarter. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
31.7 Dec 2025 30.8 Sep 2025 11.6 Mar 2017 31.7 Dec 2025 % quarterly Dec 2016 - Dec 2025

Government Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison

country/region Last Frequency Range
Albania (%) 52.4 Sep 2025 quarterly Sep 2010 - Sep 2025
Algeria (%) 47.8 2024 yearly 1997 - 2024
Argentina (%) 73.3 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 2004 - Jun 2025
Armenia (%) 46.9 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2013 - Dec 2025
Australia (%) 38.3 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Austria (%) 83.7 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Azerbaijan (%) 16.8 2021 yearly 2008 - 2021
Bahrain (%) 102.0 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2007 - Sep 2025
Bangladesh (%) 24.1 2025 yearly 2010 - 2025
Belarus (%) 35.9 Mar 2022 quarterly Dec 2003 - Mar 2022
Belgium (%) 106.9 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 1980 - Sep 2025
Bolivia (%) 27.2 2014 yearly 1998 - 2014
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) 18.7 2024 yearly 2007 - 2024
Botswana (%) 29.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Jun 2014 - Sep 2025
Brazil (%) 78.7 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2006 - Dec 2025
Bulgaria (%) 28.4 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2007 - Sep 2025
Cambodia (%) 26.0 2024 yearly 2013 - 2024
Canada (%) 69.2 2025 yearly 1962 - 2025
Chile (%) 43.2 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2002 - Sep 2025
China (%) 28.8 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2014 - Sep 2025
Colombia (%) 63.8 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 2005 - Jun 2025
Croatia (%) 57.2 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 1995 - Sep 2025
Cyprus (%) 55.5 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Dec 2025
Czech Republic (%) 43.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Denmark (%) 29.6 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Ecuador (%) 65.6 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2005 - Sep 2025
Egypt (%) 57.9 Sep 2025 quarterly Jun 2006 - Sep 2025
Estonia (%) 22.8 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
European Union (%) 82.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Finland (%) 86.9 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
France (%) 110.6 Dec 2023 quarterly Dec 1995 - Dec 2023
Georgia (%) 34.8 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
Germany (%) 63.0 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Ghana (%) 61.8 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
Greece (%) 151.2 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 1999 - Jun 2025
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) 46.1 2025 yearly 2003 - 2025
Hungary (%) 74.9 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 1990 - Dec 2025
Iceland (%) 60.4 2024 yearly 1998 - 2024
India (%) 58.9 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2012 - Sep 2025
Indonesia (%) 39.2 Dec 2024 quarterly Jun 2015 - Dec 2024
Iran (%) 8.7 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1998 - Jun 2025
Ireland (%) 32.8 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Israel (%) 66.5 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Italy (%) 137.3 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 1995 - Dec 2025
Ivory Coast (%) 8.6 2015 yearly 1975 - 2015
Japan (%) 202.2 Dec 2025 quarterly Jun 1982 - Dec 2025
Jordan (%) 83.2 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2002 - Sep 2025
Kazakhstan (%) 23.0 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2024
Kenya (%) 68.9 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2009 - Sep 2025
South Korea (%) 47.0 Jun 2025 quarterly Sep 2002 - Jun 2025
Kosovo (%) 19.9 2022 yearly 2009 - 2022
Kuwait (%) 3.3 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2025
Kyrgyzstan (%) 39.5 Dec 2025 quarterly Mar 2011 - Dec 2025
Latvia (%) 44.8 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Lebanon (%) 23.6 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Lithuania (%) 39.1 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Jun 2025
Luxembourg (%) 27.7 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 1997 - Sep 2025
North Macedonia (%) 51.8 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2009 - Dec 2025
Malawi (%) 66.0 2014 yearly 2010 - 2014
Malaysia (%) 65.3 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Dec 2025
Malta (%) 46.5 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Mauritius (%) 80.5 Dec 2025 quarterly Jun 2003 - Dec 2025
Mexico (%) 59.5 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2005 - Dec 2025
Moldova (%) 38.0 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2007 - Jun 2025
Mongolia (%) 38.6 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 2017 - Jun 2025
Montenegro (%) 58.3 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2025
Morocco (%) 71.4 2022 yearly 1994 - 2022
Nepal (%) 39.9 2021 yearly 1990 - 2021
Netherlands (%) 42.4 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 1999 - Sep 2025
New Zealand (%) 48.5 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2006 - Sep 2025
Nigeria (%) 36.2 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2025
Norway (%) 54.3 2025 yearly 1995 - 2025
Oman (%) 35.4 2024 yearly 1990 - 2024
Pakistan (%) 68.3 2025 yearly 2000 - 2025
Palestinian Territory (%) 110.9 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2025
Panama (%) 63.7 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 2007 - Jun 2025
Paraguay (%) 35.5 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2014 - Sep 2025
Peru (%) 30.2 Dec 2025 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2025
Philippines (%) 63.2 Dec 2025 quarterly Mar 1993 - Dec 2025
Poland (%) 58.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Portugal (%) 89.6 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 1995 - Dec 2025
Qatar (%) 15.0 2012 yearly 2006 - 2012
Romania (%) 58.8 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2011 - Sep 2025
Russia (%) 16.5 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2011 - Dec 2025
Saudi Arabia (%) 31.7 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2016 - Dec 2025
Serbia (%) 44.4 Dec 2025 quarterly Sep 2004 - Dec 2025
Singapore (%) 166.1 Dec 2025 quarterly Mar 1990 - Dec 2025
Slovakia (%) 62.3 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Slovenia (%) 67.5 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 1999 - Sep 2025
South Africa (%) 78.8 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 1960 - Dec 2025
Spain (%) 103.2 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1995 - Sep 2025
Sri Lanka (%) 93.0 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2014 - Sep 2025
Sweden (%) 33.5 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1996 - Sep 2025
Switzerland (%) 22.2 2029 yearly 1990 - 2029
Taiwan, China (%) 26.8 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Tajikistan (%) 36.3 2021 yearly 1999 - 2021
Thailand (%) 59.1 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 1997 - Dec 2025
Tunisia (%) 81.2 2024 yearly 2016 - 2024
Turkey (%) 24.5 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2001 - Sep 2025
Ukraine (%) 90.3 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2025

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Saudi Arabia Key Series

Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -2.8 2024 yearly 1969 - 2024
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -73,761.406 2025 yearly 1969 - 2025
National Government Debt (USD mn) 405,068.6 2025 yearly 2004 - 2025
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 31.7 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2016 - Dec 2025
Forecast: Government Expenditure (SAR bn) 1,570.660 2030 yearly 1990 - 2030
Forecast: Government Net Debt (SAR bn) 2,434.591 2030 yearly 1991 - 2030
Forecast: Government Revenue (SAR bn) 1,369.127 2030 yearly 1991 - 2030
Public Debt (SAR mn) 277,463.077 2025 yearly 2004 - 2025
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) 5.415 2028 yearly 1980 - 2028
Trade Balance (USD mn) 56,640.9 2025 yearly 1957 - 2025
Total Exports (USD mn) 25,915.7 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2015 - Dec 2025
Total Exports Growth (%) 3.0 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2016 - Dec 2025
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 1,915,621.520 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 671,571.662 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 35,252.915 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Total Imports (USD mn) 22,442.3 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2005 - Dec 2025
Total Imports Growth (%) 2.4 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2006 - Dec 2025
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 5,819,315.215 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 3,075,289.073 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 1,376.401 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2017 - Dec 2025
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 1,602.295 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2005 - Dec 2025
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 3,010.087 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2017 - Dec 2025
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 6,452.063 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 1981 - Dec 2025
Exports: ow USA (SAR mn) 5,161.504 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2017 - Dec 2025
Exports: ow China (SAR mn) 11,287.827 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2017 - Dec 2025
Exports: India (SAR mn) 9,307.437 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2017 - Dec 2025
Exports: South Korea (SAR mn) 8,422.018 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2017 - Dec 2025
Imports: Value: Asia: South Korea (SAR mn) 22,840.401 2024 yearly 1984 - 2024
Imports: Value: European Union: Germany (SAR mn) 37,597.531 2024 yearly 1984 - 2024
Imports: Value: North America: USA (SAR mn) 73,747.723 2024 yearly 1984 - 2024
Imports: Value: Asia: Japan (SAR mn) 31,835.051 2024 yearly 1984 - 2024
Imports: Value: Asia: China Mainland (SAR mn) 208,746.401 2024 yearly 1984 - 2024
Imports: Harmonized System (HS): Value (SAR mn) 952,614.857 2025 yearly 1952 - 2025
Imports: HS: Value: Pearls, Precious & Semi Precious Stones, Precious Metals, Ar... (SAR mn) 45,164.775 2025 yearly 1970 - 2025
Imports: HS: Value: Transport Equipment (SAR mn) 133,350.314 2025 yearly 1970 - 2025
Imports: HS: Value: Foodstuffs (SAR mn) 115,978.722 2025 yearly 1970 - 2025
Imports: HS: Value: MC: Mineral Products (SAR mn) 46,503.527 2025 yearly 1983 - 2025
Imports: HS: Value: Hides and Skins, Wood, Cardboard and Articles (HW) (SAR mn) 18,269.175 2025 yearly 1970 - 2025
Exports: Value: Crude Petroleum (SAR mn) 513,181.000 2017 yearly 1953 - 2017
Exports: Value: Petroleum Products (SAR mn) 125,222.000 2017 yearly 1970 - 2017
Exports: Value: Oil (SAR mn) 68,943.34 Apr 2018 monthly May 2016 - Apr 2018
Exports: Value: Non Oil (SAR mn) 19,555.77 Apr 2018 monthly Jan 2005 - Apr 2018
Exports: Value: Asia: India (SAR mn) 113,354.282 2023 yearly 1984 - 2023
Exports: Value: Asia: China Mainland (SAR mn) 199,331.298 2023 yearly 1984 - 2023
Exports: Value: Asia: South Korea (SAR mn) 107,208.022 2023 yearly 1984 - 2023
Exports: Value: North America: USA (SAR mn) 58,495.428 2023 yearly 1984 - 2023
Exports: Value: Asia: Japan (SAR mn) 121,831.325 2023 yearly 1984 - 2023
Export Value Index (2015=100) 135.681 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Import Value Index (2015=100) 87.505 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Export Volume Index (2015=100) 115.814 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Import Volume Index (2015=100) 104.491 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) 13,943.8 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
Current Account Balance (USD mn) -8,229.5 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) -2.6 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) 6,650.3 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 2.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 26,828.884 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2008 - Sep 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) 8.4 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2008 - Sep 2025
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) -44.863 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) 780,877.427 2024 yearly 2007 - 2024
BoP: USD: FA: Other Investment: Assets (USD mn) -611.435 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: FA: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) 26,828.884 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2008 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Secondary Income (USD mn) -16,734.152 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Goods & Services: Services: Debit (USD mn) 32,221.652 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: FA: Other Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) 727.298 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: FA: Reserve Assets (USD mn) -7,165.291 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: Errors and Omissions (USD mn) -723.849 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Goods & Services: Goods: Debit (USD mn) 57,511.133 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: Financial Account (FA) (USD mn) -9,022.772 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Primary Income: Debit (USD mn) 7,948.969 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Primary Income: Credit (USD mn) 9,602.234 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Goods & Services: Services: Credit (USD mn) 15,516.988 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Goods & Services: Goods (USD mn) 23,556.064 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Primary Income (USD mn) 1,653.265 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: FA: Direct Investment: Assets (USD mn) 13,943.836 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: FA: Portfolio Investment (USD mn) -7,812.310 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: FA: Direct Investment (USD mn) 7,293.562 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Goods & Services: Services (USD mn) -16,704.664 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: FA: Portfolio Investment: Assets (USD mn) 19,016.574 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: FA: Other Investment (USD mn) -1,338.733 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
BoP: USD: CA: Goods & Services: Goods: Credit (USD mn) 81,067.198 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2025
IIP: Assets (SAR mn) 5,362,114.700 2023 yearly 2007 - 2023
IIP: Liabilities (SAR mn) 2,492,541.825 2023 yearly 2007 - 2023
International Investment Position (IIP) (SAR mn) 2,869,572.875 2023 yearly 2007 - 2023
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 1.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2009 - Sep 2025
Household Debt: % of GDP (%) 10.7 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2003 - Dec 2025
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 450,822.003 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2026
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 766,966.167 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2026
M2 Growth (%) 7.9 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2026
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 7.0 Feb 2026 monthly Mar 1980 - Feb 2026
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 450,487.7 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2026
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 34.056 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2003 - Dec 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 20.5 2025 yearly 1957 - 2025
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 432.934 Feb 2026 monthly Dec 1957 - Feb 2026
Total Deposits (USD mn) 792,768.389 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2026
Total Deposits Growth (%) 8.8 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2026
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 1,089,275.7 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2026
Domestic Credit Growth (%) 11.1 Dec 2025 quarterly Mar 1994 - Dec 2025
Credit to Households (USD bn) 393.394 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1998 - Jun 2025
Credit to Private Non-Financial Sector (USD bn) 962.826 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1993 - Jun 2025
Household Debt (USD mn) 136,325.9 Dec 2025 quarterly Mar 1998 - Dec 2025
Total Loans (USD mn) 885,148.842 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1997 - Jan 2026
Total Loans Growth (%) 10.42 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1998 - Jan 2026
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 65.08 Dec 2025 quarterly Dec 2003 - Dec 2025
Base Money (SAR mn) 432,957.138 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2000 - Jan 2026
Money Supply: M3: M2: M1 (SAR mn) 1,690,582.513 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2026
Money Supply: M3: M2 (SAR mn) 2,876,123.126 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2026
Monetary Survey: Liabilities: Money & Quasi Money (SAR mn) 3,217,824.779 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2026
Official Reserve Assets (SAR mn) 1,786,219.684 Feb 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Feb 2026
Official Reserve Assets: Foreign Currency and Deposits Abroad (SAR mn) 678,183.963 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2026
Official Reserve Assets: Gold (SAR mn) 1,623.503 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 2001 - Feb 2019
Banks Deposits (SAR mn) 2,972,881.458 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2026
Banks Deposits: Demand: Business and Individuals (SAR mn) 1,167,041.884 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2026
Bank Loans: Consumer (SAR mn) 476,716.108 Dec 2025 quarterly Mar 1998 - Dec 2025

More Indicators for Saudi Arabia

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