Macau SAR, China Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities
Key information about Macau SAR (China) Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities
- Macau SAR (China) Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities fell by 4.796 USD bn in Dec 2024, compared with a drop of 7.842 USD bn in the previous year.
- Macau SAR (China) Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2002 to Dec 2024.
- The data reached an all-time high of 11.486 USD bn in Dec 2018 and a record low of -7.842 USD bn in Dec 2023.
CEIC converts annual Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities into USD. The Monetary Authority of Macao provides annual Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities in local currency. The Monetary Authority of Macao average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.
View Macau SAR, China's Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities from 2002 to 2024 in the chart:
What was Macau SAR, China's Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities in 2024?
Macau SAR (China) Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities fell by 4.796 USD bn in Dec 2024, compared with a drop of 7.842 USD bn in the previous year. See the table below for more data.
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -4,795.708 2024 | -7,841.624 2023 | -7,841.624 2023 | 11,486.320 2018 | USD mn | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities by Country Comparison
| country/region | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania (USD mn) | -32.776 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2025 |
| Argentina (USD mn) | 1,833.432 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1994 - Jun 2025 |
| Armenia (USD mn) | -6.478 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Jun 2025 |
| Australia (USD mn) | -578.858 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Sep 1988 - Jun 2025 |
| Austria (USD mn) | 9,983.694 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Azerbaijan (USD mn) | -20.210 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2003 - Jun 2025 |
| Bangladesh (USD mn) | -39.694 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Sep 1997 - Jun 2025 |
| Belarus (USD mn) | -117.582 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Jun 2025 |
| Belgium (USD mn) | 29,329.222 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Jun 2025 |
| Bolivia (USD mn) | 0.000 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1977 - Jun 2025 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina (USD mn) | 5.554 Mar 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Mar 2025 |
| Botswana (USD mn) | 0.000 2024 | yearly | 1975 - 2024 |
| Brazil (USD mn) | 9,502.811 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Sep 2025 |
| Bulgaria (USD mn) | 2,404.719 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Sep 2025 |
| Canada (USD mn) | 52,641.934 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1950 - Sep 2025 |
| Chile (USD mn) | 3,883.555 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| China (USD mn) | -15,949.934 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Jun 2025 |
| Colombia (USD mn) | 5,872.920 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Jun 2025 |
| Croatia (USD mn) | -258.645 Dec 2022 | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Dec 2022 |
| Cyprus (USD mn) | -475.744 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Jun 2025 |
| Czech Republic (USD mn) | 7,108.697 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Jun 2025 |
| Denmark (USD mn) | -5,849.395 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1975 - Jun 2025 |
| Ecuador (USD mn) | 3.469 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Egypt (USD mn) | -3,221.100 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Dec 2024 |
| Estonia (USD mn) | 361.387 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2008 - Sep 2025 |
| European Union (USD mn) | 72,053.948 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Sep 2025 |
| Finland (USD mn) | -3,486.699 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Sep 2025 |
| France (USD mn) | 94,309.869 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1997 - Sep 2025 |
| Georgia (USD mn) | 48.912 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Germany (USD mn) | 84,454.253 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1971 - Sep 2025 |
| Ghana (USD mn) | -49.184 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Jun 2025 |
| Greece (USD mn) | 2,768.747 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1976 - Jun 2025 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China (USD mn) | 11,813.208 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Hungary (USD mn) | 4,253.246 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Jun 2025 |
| Iceland (USD mn) | -43.038 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Sep 2025 |
| India (USD mn) | -2,910.329 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Jun 2009 - Jun 2025 |
| Indonesia (USD mn) | -6,033.750 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1981 - Sep 2025 |
| Ireland (USD mn) | 13,565.389 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Sep 2025 |
| Israel (USD mn) | -241.500 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1972 - Jun 2025 |
| Italy (USD mn) | 10,355.610 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1997 - Sep 2025 |
| Ivory Coast (USD mn) | -51.725 2023 | yearly | 2005 - 2023 |
| Japan (USD mn) | 20,226.202 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Sep 2025 |
| Jordan (USD mn) | -1,047.250 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Kazakhstan (USD mn) | 137.531 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1997 - Jun 2025 |
| Kenya (USD mn) | 553.136 2024 | yearly | 2009 - 2024 |
| South Korea (USD mn) | 9,148.200 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1980 - Sep 2025 |
| Kuwait (USD mn) | 1,075.914 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2012 - Jun 2025 |
| Kyrgyzstan (USD mn) | -16.354 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2023 |
| Laos (USD mn) | -88.987 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Sep 2025 |
| Latvia (USD mn) | -76.220 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Sep 2025 |
| Lebanon (USD mn) | -337.940 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Dec 2024 |
| Lithuania (USD mn) | -200.876 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Luxembourg (USD mn) | 10,528.073 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Jun 2025 |
| Macau SAR, China (USD mn) | -4,795.708 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| North Macedonia (USD mn) | -48.753 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Sep 2025 |
| Malawi (USD mn) | 2.868 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Malaysia (USD mn) | -3,266.665 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Dec 2024 |
| Malta (USD mn) | -29.706 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Mauritius (USD mn) | 259.000 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2025 |
| Mexico (USD mn) | 13,601.475 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| Moldova (USD mn) | -0.010 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Mongolia (USD mn) | 570.638 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Sep 2025 |
| Montenegro (USD mn) | 29.585 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2025 |
| Morocco (USD mn) | 251.801 Mar 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2003 - Mar 2025 |
| Mozambique (USD mn) | -7.970 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Jun 2025 |
| Netherlands (USD mn) | 24,174.952 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1967 - Jun 2025 |
| New Zealand (USD mn) | 7,210.701 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Jun 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Nigeria (USD mn) | -4,892.510 Mar 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2008 - Mar 2025 |
| Norway (USD mn) | 9,161.595 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Jun 2025 |
| Oman (USD mn) | 764.109 2024 | yearly | 1974 - 2024 |
| Pakistan (USD mn) | -511.000 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Sep 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| Palestinian Territory (USD mn) | 0.000 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2013 - Dec 2024 |
| Panama (USD mn) | 434.124 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2013 - Jun 2025 |
| Paraguay (USD mn) | 26.658 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Peru (USD mn) | -435.072 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Sep 2025 |
| Philippines (USD mn) | 1,086.904 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1977 - Jun 2025 |
| Poland (USD mn) | 3,027.000 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Portugal (USD mn) | 10,108.990 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1975 - Jun 2025 |
| Qatar (USD mn) | -2,362.637 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Jun 2025 |
| Romania (USD mn) | 7,824.774 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Sep 2025 |
| Russia (USD mn) | -62.890 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1994 - Jun 2025 |
| Serbia (USD mn) | -140.869 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Sep 2025 |
| Slovakia (USD mn) | 530.393 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1994 - Jun 2025 |
| Slovenia (USD mn) | -326.921 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1994 - Sep 2025 |
| South Africa (USD mn) | 1,664.114 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1985 - Jun 2025 |
| Spain (USD mn) | 45,372.537 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1975 - Jun 2025 |
| Sri Lanka (USD mn) | -325.856 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2012 - Jun 2025 |
| Sudan (USD mn) | 0.000 Dec 2022 | quarterly | Jun 2010 - Dec 2022 |
| Sweden (USD mn) | 4,340.120 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1982 - Sep 2025 |
| Switzerland (USD mn) | -13,001.481 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1985 - Jun 2025 |
| Taiwan (USD mn) | -375.000 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1981 - Sep 2025 |
| Tajikistan (USD mn) | -83.333 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Sep 2025 |
| Thailand (USD mn) | -3,081.890 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1976 - Jun 2025 |
| Tunisia (USD mn) | -1,256.049 2024 | yearly | 1976 - 2024 |
| Turkey (USD mn) | 9,903.000 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Sep 2025 |
| Ukraine (USD mn) | -169.000 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Sep 2025 |
| United Kingdom (USD mn) | 28,177.283 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Sep 1980 - Jun 2025 |
| United States (USD mn) | 191,942.000 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1973 - Jun 2025 |
| Uruguay (USD mn) | 120.980 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Uzbekistan (USD mn) | 1,578.082 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Jun 2025 |
Accurate Macro & Micro Economic Data You Can Trust
Explore the most complete set of 6.6 million time series covering more than 200 economies, 20 industries and 18 macroeconomic sectors.
Learn more about what we doMacau SAR, China Key Series
| Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | 7.4 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2003 - Sep 2024 |
| Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 13,562.046 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 27.4 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Forecast: Government Expenditure (MOP bn) | 169.020 2030 | yearly | 1996 - 2030 |
| Forecast: Government Net Debt (MOP bn) | 0.000 2030 | yearly | 2001 - 2030 |
| Govt Finance: Revenue (MOP mn) | 33,970.811 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2003 - Sep 2024 |
| Govt Finance: Expenditure (MOP mn) | 19,919.838 Sep 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2003 - Sep 2024 |
| Govt Finance: Revenue: Tax: Income, Profits and Capital Gains (IG) (MOP th) | 10,374,832.000 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Govt Finance: Revenue: Tax: GS: General Taxes of Goods and Services (MOP th) | 728,994.000 2023 | yearly | 2014 - 2023 |
| Govt Finance: Revenue: Tax: Goods and Services (GS) (MOP th) | 72,333,916.000 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Foreign Trade | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) | 0.000 | yearly | - |
| Trade Balance (USD mn) | -1,239.3 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1998 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports (USD mn) | 162.2 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports Growth (%) | 7.9 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Oct 2025 |
| Aluminum: Exports (USD th) | 278.908 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Exports: Medicament (USD th) | 11,777.851 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 15,759.782 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Total Imports (USD mn) | 1,401.6 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Imports Growth (%) | 0.7 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports: Medicament (USD th) | 396,738.283 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 86,734.597 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Total Exports to USA (USD mn) | 3.060 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1985 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Imports from USA (USD mn) | 67.130 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1985 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports to China (USD mn) | 10.877 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1985 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Imports from China (USD mn) | 490.174 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1985 - Oct 2025 |
| Re Exports (MOP th) | 1,169,115.446 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports (MOP th) | 11,223,714.827 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports: Asia: Hong Kong (MOP th) | 932,170.000 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports: Asia: China (MOP th) | 3,925,320.000 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports: America: USA (MOP th) | 537,574.753 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports: Asia: China (MOP th) | 87,100.000 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports: Asia: Hong Kong (MOP th) | 654,470.000 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports: America: USA (MOP th) | 24,505.315 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports: Beverages (MOP th) | 352,663.623 Jan 2019 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Jan 2019 |
| Import Volume Index (2015=100) | 160.190 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
| Export Volume Index (2015=100) | 115.980 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
| Balance of Payments | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) | 879.1 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Current Account Balance (USD mn) | 17,952.3 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) | 36.3 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) | 1,447.6 2024 | yearly | 1985 - 2024 |
| Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) | 2.9 2024 | yearly | 1982 - 2024 |
| Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) | -4,790.901 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) | -9.7 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Foreign Portfolio Investment: Equity Securities (USD mn) | 4.8 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities (USD mn) | -4,795.708 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) | 20.333 2030 | yearly | 2002 - 2030 |
| BoP: FA: NR: PI: Liabilities (MOP mn) | -63,185.057 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: OI: Liabilities (MOP mn) | -45,369.957 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: Direct Investment (DI) (MOP mn) | -9,228.909 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: CU: Goods (MOP mn) | -97,674.952 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: PI: Assets (MOP mn) | 88,195.110 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: DI: Assets (MOP mn) | 4,022.263 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: CU: Credit (MOP mn) | 449,888.744 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: CU: Primary Income (PI) (MOP mn) | -9,513.247 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: FD: Assets (MOP mn) | -499.474 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: Portfolio Investment (PI) (MOP mn) | 151,380.168 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: CU: Debit (MOP mn) | 333,939.833 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: CA: Debit (MOP mn) | 1.907 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: Financial Derivatives (FD) (MOP mn) | -499.474 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: CU: Services (MOP mn) | 247,929.785 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: Errors and Omissions (MOP mn) | -31,297.754 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: Financial Account (FA) (MOP mn) | 84,649.279 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: OI: Assets (MOP mn) | -106,797.472 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: DI: Lia (MOP mn) | 13,251.172 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: CA: Credit (MOP mn) | 0.029 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: Reserve Assets (MOP mn) | 4,425.009 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: CU: Secondary Income (MOP mn) | -24,792.675 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| BoP: FA: NR: Other Investment (OI) (MOP mn) | -61,427.515 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Balance of Payments (BoP) (MOP mn) | 4,425.009 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Dissolved Companies (DP): Number (Unit) | 271.000 Dec 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Dec 2024 |
| Monetary | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) | 5.4 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1990 - Oct 2025 |
| Household Debt: % of GDP (%) | 76.1 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Sep 2025 |
| Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) | 6,912.720 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1990 - Oct 2025 |
| Money Supply M1 (USD mn) | 8,804.852 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1984 - Oct 2025 |
| Money Supply M2 (USD mn) | 104,588.965 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1984 - Oct 2025 |
| M2 Growth (%) | 7.3 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1985 - Oct 2025 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) | 29,734.2 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1984 - Oct 2025 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) | 58.945 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Sep 2025 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) | 21.2 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Deposits (USD mn) | 173,616.374 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1984 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Deposits Growth (%) | 8.9 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1985 - Oct 2025 |
| Domestic Credit (USD mn) | 24,002.4 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1984 - Oct 2025 |
| Domestic Credit Growth (%) | -26.1 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1985 - Oct 2025 |
| Household Debt (USD mn) | 38,606.0 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Jun 1984 - Sep 2025 |
| Total Loans (USD mn) | 127,580.235 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1984 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Loans Growth (%) | -0.51 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1985 - Oct 2025 |
| Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 125.76 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Sep 2025 |
| Monetary Base (MOP mn) | 56,759.266 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jun 1984 - Oct 2025 |
| Deposits (MOP mn) | 1,290,270.079 Jan 2025 | monthly | Jun 1984 - Jan 2025 |
| Loans: Total (MOP mn) | 1,013,048.787 Jan 2025 | monthly | Jun 1984 - Jan 2025 |
| Mortgage Loan: Value: Total (MOP th) | 1,670,857.000 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Dec 2024 |
More Indicators for Macau SAR, China
Request a demo of CEIC
CEIC’s economic databases cover over 200 global markets. Our Platform offers the most reliable macroeconomic data and advanced analytical tools.